Hinduism and Hindu Nationalism

Hinduism, one of the oldest religions in the world, is a complex and diverse belief system that encompasses a wide range of philosophies, rituals, and practices. Rooted in ancient scriptures such as the Vedas, Upanishads, and the epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana, Hinduism emphasizes concepts such as dharma (righteous duty), karma (the law of cause and effect), and moksha (liberation from the cycle of rebirth). Its pluralistic nature allows for multiple paths to spirituality, enabling followers to engage with the divine in various forms, be it through devotion (bhakti), knowledge (jnana), or disciplined practices (yoga).

Hindu nationalism emerged as a political ideology during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, primarily as a response to colonial rule in India. This ideology seeks to define Indian identity in terms of Hindu culture and values, often prioritizing the interests of Hindus in the sociopolitical framework. Organizations such as the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) have been instrumental in promoting this ideology, emphasizing a unified Hindu identity that transcends regional and linguistic differences.

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